Women generally tend to live longer than men, and this trend is observed worldwide. Here are some key factors contributing to this difference:
- Biological Differences: Women naturally have two X chromosomes, which offers a genetic advantage. If one X chromosome has a detrimental gene, the other can sometimes compensate. Additionally, hormones like estrogen provide protective benefits for the heart and cardiovascular system, especially before menopause.
- Health Behavior: On average, women tend to visit doctors more regularly and are more likely to follow preventive health measures. Men often engage in riskier behaviors and are less likely to seek medical help, sometimes due to societal expectations around masculinity.
- Lifestyle and Risk Exposure: Men are often more exposed to high-risk occupations (such as construction or military roles), and risky behaviors such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and unsafe driving.
- Stress and Social Support: Studies show women are more likely to maintain social connections, which can reduce stress and contribute to a longer life span. Stress itself is a significant contributor to various health issues, especially cardiovascular diseases.
- Chronic Conditions: Women are more likely to suffer from chronic but non-fatal conditions like arthritis, while men are more prone to life-threatening conditions, such as heart disease, at younger ages.
Although women generally live longer, they tend to experience more years of poor health at the end of life than men. It’s a complex interplay of genetics, lifestyle, and societal factors.